What is a potential risk associated with administering excessive fluid boluses?

Administering excessive fluid boluses poses a significant risk of fluid overload. Fluid overload occurs when more fluid is administered than the body can handle, leading to various complications. It can result in elevated blood pressure, edema, and strain on the heart and lungs, which may ultimately lead to pulmonary edema. This condition can cause difficulty breathing and decreased oxygenation, especially in patients with underlying heart failure, renal issues, or those who are elderly.

Fluid overload is particularly concerning in certain populations, such as individuals with heart or kidney problems, where their ability to manage fluid balance is compromised. Monitoring fluid intake and closely assessing the patient's response is essential to prevent this risk when administering infusions or boluses.

The other options do have medical relevance but do not directly relate to the primary concern of excessive fluid administration in the same way. Nephrotoxicity typically involves direct toxicity to the kidneys, hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels, and hyperkalemia relates to elevated potassium levels in the blood. None of these conditions are the direct outcome of excessive fluid boluses in the same immediate manner that fluid overload is.